{"id":8514,"date":"2025-02-06T18:25:27","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T15:25:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sespartisi.org.tr\/?p=8514"},"modified":"2025-02-06T18:25:27","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T15:25:27","slug":"turkiyenin-afet-yonetiminde-bir-donum-noktasi-6-subat-depremleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/?p=8514","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye’nin Afet Y\u00f6netiminde Bir D\u00f6n\u00fcm Noktas\u0131: 6 \u015eubat Depremleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye, Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli 7.7 ve 7.6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki iki b\u00fcy\u00fck depremle sars\u0131ld\u0131. Bu depremler yaln\u0131zca can kay\u0131plar\u0131na yol a\u00e7makla kalmad\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkenin afet y\u00f6netimi, \u015fehir planlamas\u0131 ve yap\u0131 denetimi konular\u0131ndaki zafiyetlerini de ac\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. Binlerce insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken, on binlercesi yaraland\u0131 ve milyonlarca ki\u015fi evsiz kald\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara yol a\u00e7an durumlar\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini ba\u015fl\u0131klar halinde \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz.<\/p>\n

Ele\u015ftirel Bir Bak\u0131\u015f: 6 \u015eubat Depremlerinde Nerede Hata Yapt\u0131k?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Yetersiz Afet Y\u00f6netimi:<\/u><\/strong> Deprem sonras\u0131 arama-kurtarma faaliyetlerinde ya\u015fanan gecikmeler, koordinasyonsuzluk ve ileti\u015fim kopukluklar\u0131, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131. AFAD ve di\u011fer yetkili kurumlar\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakalanmas\u0131, kriz an\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 ve etkili m\u00fcdahaleyi engelledi.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0130mar Aff\u0131 ve Denetim Eksikli\u011fi:<\/u><\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131llard\u0131r uygulanan imar aflar\u0131, depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131lar\u0131n yasalla\u015fmas\u0131na izin verdi. Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok katl\u0131 binalarda y\u0131k\u0131m riskini art\u0131rd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, yap\u0131 denetim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin yeterince s\u0131k\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve aktif saha denetimlerinin eksikli\u011fi; m\u00fchendislik hatalar\u0131n\u0131n ve yap\u0131sal malzeme kusurlar\u0131n\u0131n veya eksikliklerinin g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesine neden oldu.<\/li>\n
  3. \u015eehir Planlamas\u0131nda Strateji Eksikli\u011fi:<\/u><\/strong> Deprem riski y\u00fcksek b\u00f6lgelerde plans\u0131z ve d\u00fczensiz yap\u0131la\u015fma, afet an\u0131nda ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve tahliyeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Acil durum yollar\u0131, toplanma alanlar\u0131 ve altyap\u0131 yetersizlikleri, halk\u0131n g\u00fcvenli alanlara ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi. \u00d6zellikle yol(sokak veya cadde) geni\u015fli\u011fi az olan ge\u00e7i\u015f yollar\u0131nda ve biti\u015fik nizam olarak \u00fcretilen yap\u0131lar\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelere, i\u015f ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ambulanslar\u0131n girmesi baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde zorla\u015ft\u0131 baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde ise imkans\u0131z hale geldi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00d6nerileri: \u00dclkemizdeki Deprem Ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Gelece\u011fe Y\u00f6nelik Stratejiler<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Afet Y\u00f6netiminde Reform:<\/u><\/strong> AFAD ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin koordinasyonunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek yeni bir kriz y\u00f6netim modeli geli\u015ftirilmeli. Arama-kurtarma ekiplerinin e\u011fitimleri art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, lojistik destek sistemleri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli ve teknolojiden daha fazla faydalan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    2. Yap\u0131 Denetiminde S\u0131f\u0131r Tolerans:<\/u><\/strong> \u0130mar aff\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na son verilmeli ve mevcut yap\u0131lar s\u0131k\u0131 denetimlerden ge\u00e7irilmelidir. Riskli yap\u0131lar \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tespit edilip, ilk etapta g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131, e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak konut stok ihtiyac\u0131 belirlenmeli ve g\u00fcvenli olmayan yap\u0131lar kontroll\u00fc bir \u015fekilde y\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    3. Deprem Odakl\u0131 \u015eehircilik:<\/u><\/strong> \u00dclkemizin deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tam \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak; kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projelerinin rant odakl\u0131 de\u011fil, bilimsel verilere dayal\u0131 olarak planlanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ye\u015fil alanlar, acil toplanma noktalar\u0131 ve tahliye yollar\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    4. Toplum Temelli Afet Bilinci:<\/u><\/strong> Halk\u0131n deprem bilinci art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131(ki bu konuda Japonya\u2019n\u0131n deprem politikalar\u0131 hakikaten benzersiz nitelikte g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnektir), d\u00fczenli tatbikatlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve okullarda afet e\u011fitimi zorunlu hale getirilmelidir. Toplumun her bireyinin afet an\u0131nda nas\u0131l hareket edece\u011fini bilmesi, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Sonu\u00e7 ve \u00d6neriler<\/strong><\/p>\n

      6 \u015eubat depremleri, T\u00fcrkiye’nin deprem ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle y\u00fczle\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fini bir kez daha hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Bu felaketten ders \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, benzer ac\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle meydana gelmesi beklenen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130stanbul depremine t\u00fcm \u00fclke olarak haz\u0131r hale gelmemiz gerekmektedir. Aksi taktirde b\u00f6yle bir durumda sadece depremin olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 can kay\u0131plar\u0131 ile u\u011fra\u015fmakla kalmayaca\u011f\u0131z; d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her taraf\u0131ndan yard\u0131m talebinde bulunmak, y\u0131k\u0131lan fabrikalar\u0131 yeniden yapmak, kaybolan ekonomiyi ve i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden hayat d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek zorunda kalaca\u011f\u0131z. \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan 16 milyondan fazla insan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomisinin lokomotifi oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak; en k\u00f6t\u00fc senaryo olan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130stanbul depremi meydana geldi\u011finde \u00fclkenin belki de bir beka sorunu olabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte bir felaketin meydana gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131 an meselesidir.<\/p>\n

      Bu sebeple depreme kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in; mevcut mevzuat\u0131n uygulat\u0131lmas\u0131na, yap\u0131larla ilgili mutlaka m\u00fchendislik hizmetlerine ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlulu\u011funun halka anlat\u0131lmas\u0131na, yeni yap\u0131lan yap\u0131lar\u0131n ciddi manada denetlenmesine, eski yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesine\u2026 yani bilime, akla, disiplinli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya, dayal\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \u015fartt\u0131r. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki depremler de\u011fil, ihmaller \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      Mehmet S\u0131dd\u0131k EKER<\/strong><\/p>\n

      T\u00fcrkiye’nin Sesi Alt\u0131n\u00e7a\u011f Partisi Genel B\u015fk. Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131\/ Y\u00fcksek \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye, Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli 7.7 ve 7.6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki iki b\u00fcy\u00fck depremle sars\u0131ld\u0131. Bu depremler yaln\u0131zca can kay\u0131plar\u0131na yol a\u00e7makla kalmad\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkenin afet y\u00f6netimi, \u015fehir planlamas\u0131 ve yap\u0131 denetimi konular\u0131ndaki zafiyetlerini de ac\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. Binlerce insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken, on binlercesi yaraland\u0131 ve milyonlarca ki\u015fi evsiz kald\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4],"tags":[5,52],"class_list":["post-8514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-sesparti","tag-6-subat-depremleri","tag-turkiyenin-sesi-altincag-partisi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8514"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8514\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ses.cokyasar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}